Detailed answer

Freckles are small, flat, and brown pigmented spots that appear on the skin. Sun exposure is a common cause of freckles. When the skin is exposed to the sun's ultraviolet (UV) rays, it triggers the production of melanin, which is responsible for giving color to the skin. Melanin acts as a protective mechanism against UV radiation. However, in some individuals, clusters of melanin may accumulate in certain areas, resulting in the formation of freckles. Freckles are more commonly seen in people with fair skin and red or blonde hair, as they have less natural protection against the sun. To prevent freckles and protect your skin, it is essential to apply sunscreen regularly, wear protective clothing, and limit your sun exposure.