Detailed answer

Melasma can be treated through various methods. Topical medications, such as hydroquinone, retinoids, and corticosteroids, are commonly prescribed to lighten the dark patches. Chemical peels, which involve applying a chemical solution to the skin to remove the top layers and encourage new skin growth, can also help lighten melasma. Laser therapy, including procedures like intense pulsed light (IPL) and fractional lasers, can target the excess pigment and improve the appearance of melasma. However, it is important to note that laser treatments may require multiple sessions. Additionally, protecting the skin from the sun is crucial to prevent melasma from worsening. Daily use of sunscreen with a high SPF, wearing protective clothing, and avoiding excessive sun exposure are essential to managing melasma effectively.