Detailed answer

Hormonal changes, such as those occurring during pregnancy or due to hormonal imbalances, can trigger an overproduction of melanin, leading to hyperpigmentation. The increased levels of estrogen and progesterone can stimulate melanocyte activity, resulting in the appearance of dark spots or patches on the skin. This type of hyperpigmentation is commonly known as melasma or chloasma. It often affects areas of the face, especially the forehead, cheeks, and upper lip. Hormonal changes can also exacerbate existing hyperpigmentation, making it more prominent and challenging to treat. Additionally, fluctuations in hormone levels can make the skin more sensitive to UV radiation, which further intensifies pigmentation. Proper sun protection and seeking professional skincare advice are essential in managing hormonal-related hyperpigmentation.