Detailed answer

Hydroquinone is a skin-lightening agent that works by inhibiting the activity of an enzyme called tyrosinase, which is involved in the production of melanin, the pigment responsible for skin color. By blocking this enzyme, hydroquinone reduces the production of melanin, leading to a more even skin tone. It is commonly used to treat hyperpigmentation conditions such as melasma, age spots, and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. However, it is important to note that hydroquinone should be used under the guidance of a skincare professional, as it can cause side effects such as skin irritation and potential long-term risks if not used properly or in excessive concentrations.